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ADHD Medications For Adults There are a variety of options for ADHD medication for adults. They comprise stimulants, non-stimulants, and antidepressants. The use of stimulants is widely used to combat symptoms of ADHD. These drugs boost the levels of norepinephrine as well as dopamine within the brain. Bupropion There are numerous different medications that can be used to treat ADHD in adults, which includes stimulants as well as non-stimulants. Many people with ADHD have found stimulants such as Ritalin and Adderall to be efficient. They can have adverse effects. They can also aggravate the comorbidity of mood, sleep, and anxiety disorders. Bupropion is a prescribed medication that can be used to treat depression and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It works by increasing the levels of dopamine within the brain. It is available in immediate release or in long-term forms. When bupropion is taken as an individual therapy, it has been demonstrated to improve behavior and decrease impulsivity in ADHD. It is also effective for ADHD patients suffering from depression and substance abuse disorder. A controlled clinical trial that was randomized found that bupropion treatment helped adults be 78 percent more likely than placebo to achieve the point of improvement as measured by the CGI scale. These results are very encouraging but not enough patients were included to confirm if the improvements were lasting. Bupropion is proven to be safe but it may cause side effects. The most frequent side effects of bupropion include dry mouth, drowsiness nausea and dizziness. It is possible to reduce or eliminate certain adverse effects by altering your dose. Side effects can also be severe if you are taking other alcohol or drugs and if there is an history of heart problems or high blood pressure, irregular heartbeats, or heart disease. You should talk to your physician if you experience any of these problems. Your doctor should know if you are pregnant, or are planning to become pregnant. Some antidepressants may affect the development of your child. The possibility of congenital defects, especially chromosomal abnormalities are increased by the use of antidepressants as well as anti-seizure medicines. Talk to your doctor if have been taking antidepressants or other medication for a while , to determine the possibility of having a baby with these conditions. Bupropion taken during pregnancy can cause birth defects or other health issues in the unborn baby. Women should not take bupropion if they are pregnant or planning to become pregnant due to the possible risk. Guanfacine Guanfacine is a non-stimulant medicine can be used to treat ADHD patients who have experienced failed with stimulants. It can be used as an alternative for methylphenidate. It can also be used in combination with other ADHD supplements and medications. Guanfacine can be taken only daily, either in the morning or at the night. It is usually consumed with water or other liquids and should not be chewed or crushed. If you do not take your dose, it is important to take it as quickly as possible. The drug can cause an euphoric or sedative effect. This medication should not be taken alongside alcohol, or any other depressant medication since they can increase the sedative effect. Although there are not many studies that examine the effects of guanfacine on adults with ADHD, one study in which 17 participants were given guanfacine with DAMP, showed it to be comparable with dextroamphetamine. Another study of 25 subjects demonstrated that guanfacine improved the symptoms of ADHD and tics in children who had previously failed methylphenidate, but who were still taking stimulants (Scahill et al , 2006). This population saw an improvement that was significant and could be considered clinically significant. A third study of guanfacine in the teen population showed it to be effective for the treatment of ADHD and tics and was over twice as effective as placebo. The children saw a decrease in symptoms as well as a decrease in commissions and omissions in the Conner Parental Rating Scale. They also had better school performance scores on the Yale Global Severity Scale. The most common dose of guanfacine used for children older than is 0.5 mg to 1 mg, taken two times a day. Dosing can be increased slowly, based on the weight and age. A doctor will keep track of the child's pulse and blood pressure during treatment to ensure that there's no decrease in blood pressure or fainting. The medication is often taken with diuretics in order to lower blood pressure. Clonidine Clonidine is a non-stimulant medication that can be used to treat the symptoms of ADHD. Clonidine can also be used to lower blood pressure and lower anxiety. It is available in tablet form, as an injection or transdermal treatment that gradually delivers the drug throughout the day to your body. It is an alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist that lowers blood pressure and slows the heart rate. Although scientists aren't sure how it works however, it is believed it acts on the part of the brain that controls hyperactivity and inattention. Clonidine is typically taken in an amount of 0.1 mg (mg) every night before the time of sleeping, or as prescribed by a doctor. It is also available as a transdermal patch which is applied to the skin weekly. Clonidine is a very effective treatment for ADHD symptoms. However, it's not as powerful or effective as stimulant medications. It can take several weeks before you begin to see the full benefits. It may also cause some negative side effects, like sleepiness or drowsiness that could affect your school or performance at work. Speak to your doctor If you're having trouble sleeping. This is especially important in the case of other medications that induce drowsiness such as benzodiazepines and certain antidepressants. Some people who are taking clonidine suffer from a condition known as “brain fog,” which makes it difficult to concentrate on work. It is temporary and will be cured as your body adjusts to the clonidine. It is important to follow the doctor's instructions carefully when taking clonidine and other non-stimulants. Keep a detailed record of all the medications you take as well as any vitamins or supplements you are taking. You should also discuss with your physician any changes to your diet or exercise routines. Clonidine overdoses can cause dizziness and drowsiness. Overdoses have led to reversible dysrhythmias or irregularities in cardiac conduction, apnea, coma, and seizures. Clonidine is used to treat the symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adults. It can also be used to treat high blood pressure. It is available in an extended-release (long-acting) tablet form and transdermal patches that can be applied to the skin once a week. Non-stimulants Your doctor might prescribe non-stimulant medication if you are unable to control ADHD symptoms with stimulants. They comprise a variety of norepinephrine- and dopamine-enhancing drugs as well as antidepressants. Certain of them are designed specifically to treat ADHD and others are prescriptions that are not on the label. These medications are more effective than stimulants. They must be taken multiple times per day for the best results. They may also take longer to titrate which could mean that they require more adjustments to dosages or schedules. These medications can also cause adverse effects, such as high blood pressure and a fast heart beats, and could even cause psychiatric problems. This is a risk that needs to be discussed with your physician prior to taking any type of medicine. Non-stimulant medications include Atomoxetine (Strattera) and clonidine (Kapvay) and guanfacine (Intuniv). These medications increase the levels of a different brain chemical called norepinephrine. This chemical increases focus and attention. These medications can also be used to reduce impulsive behavior and the need to move or fidget. These medications are effective in helping to reduce ADHD symptoms. However, they can trigger mood changes and, sometimes, the rebound. These side effects can be bothersome so you should discuss with your doctor the possibility of switching to an extended-release medications or doses that overlap. The drug builds up in your bloodstream and wears off slowly. Another class of medications referred to as NDRIs (norepinephrine dopamine reuptake inhibitors) slow down the reabsorption of norepinephrine as well as dopamine in the brain. They are most commonly used to treat depression however, some may be beneficial in treating ADHD. These drugs are more expensive and are typically used in higher doses than fast-acting stimulants. However, they are generally safer and have a solid safety record. They are available in both short-acting and long-acting forms with shorter-acting versions beginning to take effect as early as an hour after they've been consumed, and long-acting versions lasting for up to 24 hours. For nhs adhd medication suffering from depression or anxiety that co-occur, some of these non-stimulant medicines can be prescribed along with stimulants. Guanfacine and Clonidine are two examples. These medications can also reduce the negative effects of stimulants, for example, sleeplessness and agitation.